Introduction - If you have any usage issues, please Google them yourself
BP neural networks are prone to local minimum values. The PS algorithm has superior performance in the optimization of unconstrained nonlinear functions. It can usually find the global optimal solution directly. Even if it can not find more global optimal solutions, it is not far from the global best. Of course, there is also a local extreme of the basic PO algorithm. For this shortcoming, there is no more effective, provincial and municipal solution. This case realizes the use of the SO algorithm and the BP algorithm to train the neural network. First, the network is trained in the SO algorithm, and then the BP algorithm is followed by a small range of fine searches. The essence of the PO algorithm training neural network is to regard the output error function(ie, the energy function) as the objective function, and the PO seeks a global minimum value for the energy function.